Depression should not be diagnosed or excluded solely on the basis of a phq 9 score. Older adults can be screened for depression using an instrument such as the phq 2, phq 9, cornell scale for depression in dementia, or geriatric depression scale. Patient health questionnaire phq9 british columbia. In our study, this questionnaire assesseed 9 depressive symptoms experienced by participants in the 14 days prior to evaluation. The phq 9 is used to diagnose and monitor the severity of depression. If the phq 2 is positive for depression, the phq 9. It is not specific to pregnancy or postpartum, but it is very often used for postpartum depression screening. Using the patient health questionnaire phq9 and the. The patient health questionnaire phq 9 is the major depressive disorder mdd module of the full phq. Measuring depression outcome with a short selfreport instrument. Patient health questionnaire 9 phq9 depression scale zero suicide. Questionnaire 9 phq 9, beck depression inventory, beck depression inventoryii, center for epidemiologic studies depression scale, and zung selfrating depression scale followup plan documented followup for a positive depression screening must include one or more of the. Us preventive services task force, screening for depression in adults. Phq 9 score 5 9 mddmoderate phq 9 score 1014 mdd moderately severe phq 9 score 1519 mddsevere phq 9 score 20 watchful waiting supportive counseling educate patient to call if condition deteriorates repeat phq 9 at followup consider referral if phq 9 scores fall in high risk areas mdd severe.
It is the 9 question depression scale from the patient health questionnaire phq. To use the phq 9 as a diagnostic aid for major depressive disorder. Scores are rated as normal 02, mild 35, moderate 68, and severe 9 12. The phq 9 screens specifically for signs or symptoms of depression, and its nine short and simple questions are built on the criteria for depression that were identified in the diagnostic and. Williams, kurt kroenke, and colleagues, with an educational grant from pfizer inc. Phq 9 selfadministered questionnaire, 5 10 minutes developed from the patient health questionnaire diagnostic criteria for major depressive disorder in the diagnostic and statistical manual dsmiv. The phq 9 is a nine question selfrating scale that is very commonly used for screening for adult depression. Patient health questionnaire phq 9 for depression using phq 9 diagnosis and score for initial treatment selection a depression diagnosis that warrants treatment or treatment change, needs at least one of the first two questions endorsed as positive little pleasure, feeling depressed indicating the. The phq 9 is a nineitem selfreport depression scale.
Mental health screening tools in different languages. This easy to use patient questionnaire is a selfadministered version of the primemd diagnostic instrument for common mental disorders. The patient health questionnaire 2 phq 2 overview the phq 2 inquires about the frequency of depressed mood and anhedonia over the past two weeks. Patient health questionnaire phq9 for depression using phq 9 diagnosis and score for initial treatment selection a depression diagnosis that warrants treatment or treatment change, needs at least one of the first two questions endorsed as positive little pleasure, feeling depressed indicating the. The patient health questionnaire phq is a selfreport measure designed to screen depressive symptoms. The phq 9 dep 9 in some sourcesis a 9 question instrument given to patients in a primary care setting to screen for the presence and severity of depression. Multiply that number by the value indicated below, then add the subtotal to produce a total score. Total score depression severity 04 no or minimal depression 5 9 mild depression 1014 moderate depression 1519 moderately severe depression 2027 severe depression. If the score is 3 or greater, major depressive disorder is likely. Used to provisionally diagnose depression and grade severity of symptoms in general medical and mental health settings. The phq 9 is the depression module, which scores each of the nine dsmiv criteria as 0 not at all to 3 nearly every day.
The results of the phq 9 may be used to make a depression diagnosis according to dsmiv criteria and takes less than 3 minutes to complete. The patient health questionnaire 9 phq 9 patient name. It is available in spanish, as well as in a modified version for adolescents the macarthur foundation initiative on depression and primary care has created a depression tool kit is intended to help primary care clinicians recognize and manage depression. Utilizing a personal smartphone custom app to assess the patient health questionnaire 9 phq 9 depressive symptoms in patients with major depressive disorder.
It is one of the most validated tools in mental health and can be a powerful tool to assist clinicians with diagnosing depression and monitoring treatment response. An ultrabrief screening scale for anxiety and depression. The 9 item patient health questionnaire modified phq 9m is a tool used to assist the clinician in screening for depression, quantifying depression symptoms, and monitoring severity in primary care and psychiatric clinical practice. Patient health questionnaire9 phq 9 over the last 2 weeks, how often have you been bothered by any of the following problems. Phq9 patient health questionnaire maternal depression. Patient health questionnaire phq 9 is the most common screening tool to identify depression. Phq 9 is adapted from prime md today, developed by drs robert l. Add up the numbers endorsed for questions 1 9 and obtain a total score.
Phq9 depression scale university of washington aims center. The authors identified a score of 3 as the optimal cutpoint when using the phq 2 to screen for depression. The phq assesses 8 diagnoses, divided into threshold. Phq 9 patient depression questionnaire for initial diagnosis.
Patients who screen positive should be further evaluated with the phq 9, other diagnostic instruments, or direct interview to determine. Administering the patient health questionnaires 2 and 9. Scores each of the 9 dsm criteria of mdd as 0 not at all to 3 nearly every day, providing a 027 severity. The screening process starts with the patient health questionnaire phq 9, a wellknown and valid tool. The phq 9 is one module of the larger patient health questionnaire, an assessment that patients can complete to screen for mental health conditions.
Item 9 of the phq 9m has been used as a brief screening measure for suicide risk. Seven items, each of which is scored 0 to 3, providing a 0 to 21 severity score. Over the past 2 weeks, how often have you been bothered by any of the following problems. The phq9 is the nine item depression scale of the patient health questionnaire. Patient completes phq 9 quick depression assessment. Questions 1 andor 2 need to be endorsed as a 2 or 3. Quick guide to primemd patient health questionnaire phq. Instruction manual instructions for patient health. Phq 9 questionnaire for depression scoring and interpretation guide for physician use only scoring.
Scoring the phq9 modified for teens scoring the phq9 modified for teens is easy but involves thinking about several different aspects of depression. The phq 2 includes the first two items of the phq 9. Fold back this page before administering this questionnaire instructions for use for doctor or healthcare professional use only phq 9 quick depression assessment for initial diagnosis. A depression diagnosis that warrants treatment or treatment change, needs. Patient health questionnaire 9 phq9 depression scale. Nine items, each of which is scored 0 to 3, providing a 0 to 27 severity score. The nine items of the phq9 are based directly on the nine diagnostic criteria for major depressive.
The phq 9 is the 9 item depression module from the full the patient health questionnaire phq which is designed to be entirely selfadministered by a patient. This is calculated by assigning scores of 0, 1, 2, and 3, to the response categories of not at all. Developed for diagnosis and severity assessment, but can be used for screening phq 2 also used wendy n davis, phd 2012. Patient completes phq 9 quick depression assessment on. How often have you been bothered by each of the following symptoms during the past two weeks. For each symptom put an x in the box beneath the answer that best describes how you have been feeling. The patient health questionnaire phq is a 3page questionnaire that can be entirely selfadministered by the patient. To use the phq 9 to obtain a total score and assess depressive severity. Patient health questionnaire phq9 michigan medicine. The patient health questionnaire phq 9 overview the phq 9 is a multipurpose instrument for screening, diagnosing, monitoring and measuring the severity of depression. Patient health questionnaire9 modified phq9m item 9. Question 9 screens for the presence and duration of suicide ideation. Patient health questionnaire2 phq2 mental disorders. The patient health questionnaire phq 9 the phq 9 is a 9 item, depression screening scale kroenke et al.
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